2) Frequent and painful urination
It is no surprise that bladder cancer causes urinary symptoms. The most common are frequent urination and painful urination. These voiding symptoms result from chronic inflammation of the urinary bladder.
Since the tissue is irritated, it won’t be able to hold too much urine and a bit of pressure will trigger the sensation of urgency to urinate. That increases urinary frequency, not because urinary volume increases but due to a reduction in the storage capacity of the bladder. Painful urination also happens due to irritation of the urinary tract, and may feel similar to cystitis.