Complications of epilepsy
Seizures usually last for a short time then pass, but the attack may put you in a dangerous situation for you and others.
For example, falling during seizures may lead to bone fractures and head injuries. During swimming, an attack of seizures may lead to drowning. While you are driving, seizures may cause car accidents. It may also lead to food and saliva choking.
Pregnancy and epilepsy
Epilepsy represents a danger for the pregnant woman and baby. Not only epilepsy but also its medications may increase the risk of congenital anomalies. Most females with epilepsy can get pregnant and deliver healthy babies. But, they need a careful plan throughout the pregnancy to monitor their condition and adjust their medications. Plan your pregnancy with your doctor.
Psychological and emotional health issues
Patients with epilepsy are at a higher risk of psychological problems like depression and anxiety. They also may have suicidal thoughts and behavior because they may find difficulties dealing with the disease or due to the side effects of medications. Patients with well-controlled conditions are also at high risk. Also, about 20% of patients with epilepsy may suffer from learning difficulties or intellectual disabilities.
Some rare, life-threatening complications may occur, such as:
Status epilepticus:
This term refers to any attack of seizures that lasts for a long time (more than 5 minutes) or repeated attacks that the patient can’t regain consciousness in between. This condition is a medical emergency and needs emergent care due to the risk of permanent brain damage and death.
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP):
Patients with epilepsy are at a minor risk of sudden death without known causes. Some researchers think that it results from related respiratory and heart problems. It’s more common among patients with tonic-clonic seizures or those with severe epilepsy (unresponsive to the treatment). Follow your doctor’s instructions about medications and follow-up appointments to minimize the risk.
