2) Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)
HLA is a typing which is called tissue typing is used to match patients and donors before transplantation. HLA are proteins located on the majority of your body’s cells to mark them as their own body cells, not a foreign body. Without these markers, your immune system would be unable to determine which cells belong in your body and which do not. Tissue typing is the second test performed during the evaluation process.
A “perfect match” kidney is one in which the recipient’s and donor’s markers are all the same. Perfect match transplants have the highest chance of lasting a long time and the lowest risk of rejection. mostly, siblings and first-degree relatives provide the most perfect match for kidney donations. The more mismatching between donor’s and recipient’s tissue markers, the more risk of failure of the transplantation.
